/**********
 *
 * Lego notes - Tues Nov 12
 *
 * This week:
 * Please read
 *   chapter 8  , more control structures
 *    -- skip this one -- chapter 9  , more on int, float, double
 *   chapter 10 , more practice with classes and methods
 *
 * For Friday: 
 *
 *   Go back over the programs that you've done before in earlier 
 *   assigned  exercises, or my examples for (a) and (b).
 *   (a) Re-write one of the "for" loops as a "do ... while ()" loop.
 *   (b) Re-write that same loop as a "while (){ ... }" loop.
 *   (c) Write a program that asks for a word, and repeats it back somehow.
 *       If the word is wrong, it should print an error message.
 *       Implement this with a try-catch structure, in which you throw
 *       your own error like I do in the example below.  You get to pick
 *       what "wrong" means in your program.
 *
 * For next Tuesday:
 *  
 *   Pick one of your Lego robot earlier programming projects,
 *   one that has more than one file.  Convert part of into a package,
 *   and add the documentation that I describe below.  Consider
 *   breaking it into several classes if that looks appropriate, 
 *   following the conventions described in the book - now that you're
 *   becoming a better Java progammer...
 *
 * Depending on how far we get today, I hope to give time on Friday
 * for you to work on these in class.
 *
 *
 * The code below has a compile-time bug in it!  (Can you find it?)
 * The code below also has a run-time bug in it! (Can you find that, too?)
 *
 ************/

class LegoNotesNov12 {


    public static void main(String[] args){

	// ------------------------------------------------------
	// First, here's what a "try", "catch" structure looks like.
	try {
	    int i=0;
	    int j=2;
	    int k=j/i;
	    System.out.println("" + i + "/" + j + "=" + k + ".");
	}
	catch (Exception e){
	    // The Exception "e" is a Java object.
	    // Can you find it in the Java API?
	    // Can you find other methods besides getMessage() ?
	    System.out.println( "Oops! "+ e.getMessage() );
	}

	// ------------------------------------------------------
	// Second, here's how you can throw your own exception.
	// (Again - look this up in the Java API)
	Exception oops = new Exception("*Something* bad happened.");
	try {
	    for (int i=0; i<10; i++){
		System.out.println( "i = "+i );
		if (i==5){ 
		    throw(oops);
		}
	    }
	}
	catch (Exception e){
	    System.out.println( "Oops! "+ e.getMessage() );
	}

	// ------------------------------------------------------
	// Third, here's the "do...while() structure.
	int i=0;
	System.out.println("-- do/while -- take 1");
	do {
	    System.out.println(" i = "+i);
	    i++;
	} while (i<10);

	// ------------------------------------------------------
	// The same with "break" and "continue" keywords.
	i=0;
	System.out.println("-- do/while -- take 2");
	do {
	    i++;
	    if (i==3) {
		continue;
	    }
	    if (i==8) {
		break;
	    }
	    System.out.println(" i = "+i);
	} while (i<10);

	// ------------------------------------------------------
	// Next ... the "while(){...}" loop.  The same only different.
	// What's the difference ?
        i=0;
	while (i<10){
	    System.out.println(" i = "+i);
	    i++;
	}


	// ------------------------------------------------------
	// And there's a "switch" statment which you can read about.
	// A pretty straightforward way to choose between alternatives.


	// ##################################################
	// ##################################################

	// chapter 10 -- object oriented design
	//
	// * methods typically have Verb names. (printThePage)
	// * classes (objects typically have Noun names. (JimsCar)
	// 
	// Classes can be 
	//  (1) like main(), with no intent to "create" one, or
	//  (2) like LightSensor, where we do create and use in other files.
	//
	// Methods often do things like this:
	//  * construct an object, or convert to another kind of object
	//  * implement some task
	//  * access the object data, i.e. getColor() or setValue(x)

	// --------

	// "this" keyword - refering to the object itself.
	// See examples on pg 404 and following.

	// -------

	// packages in java - a collection of classes
	//
	//  (1) Put the line "package name1.name2.name3;" in each package file
	//  (2) Move them all into a name1/name2/name3/ directory
	//  (3) Make sure that files that look for them start above name1/
	//      by either being in the right place, or by setting CLASSPATH.
	//  (4) Other java stuff gets it with "import name1.name2.name3.*;"


	// Write an example package in class.

	// ------

	// testing!
	//
	// Best practice is to write a "class testIt" main() method
	// to verify that the pieces of your package behave the
	// way you expect.  This is *seperate* from the other things
	// that actually use it for real.

	// ------

	// Documentation!

	// Your package should have 3 kinds of documentation:
	//
	//  (1) A readme.txt file that explains what the files are
	//      and gives an overview of what they do.
	//
	//  (2) Some API specs that tell how other programs should use it,
	//      typically at the top of the files (preferable in javadoc form,
	//      but any form will do in a pinch.)
	//
	//  (3) Comments within the code explaining how it works.
	//      Those are called "implementation" notes.
	


    } // main()

} // class LegoNotesNov12