(1) Mary's data

           # families      % of time whales talking
 day 1     single          .48
 day 2     multi           .87
 day 3     single          .25
 day 4     single          .52
 day 5     multi          1.0
 day 6     multi           .74
 day 7     single          .42

Do they spend more time talking when in groups?

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(2) Meaghan's (fake) data

Admissions:

Country

      2000_apply   2000_admit   2001_apply  2001_admit  2002_apply 2002_admit
A     100          10            110        11          120        10
B     300          15            250        14          350        16
C      50           2             60         6           55         3
D      50           4             55         5           45         9
E      10           1              9         0           15         3
F      20           2             30         3           35         0
G      30           1             20         2           35         2
H     600          90            650       100          700       110

What questions do we want to ask?
And what methods should be applied?

Underlying idea : 
 Is the percentage of admitted students higher from country H ?

Note that there are several "standard deviations" lurking about.
Think "percentile".  Think about graphical displays...