/* words2.c
 *
 * This time memory is allocated as a "character matrix" :
 *    one        [[ 'o', 'n', 'e'],
 *    two         [ 't', 'w', 'o']
 *    three       [ 't', 'h', 'r', 'e', 'e']]
 * 
 * For string input, fgets is safe since it can set a limit on
 * the number of characters - thus avoiding buffer overflows.
 * However, it includes the newline character as part of 
 * the input string.
 * 
 *    $ gcc words2.c -o words2
 *    $ ./words2
 *    Input your words, one per line, with a blank line to stop.
 *    > one
 *    > two
 *    > three
 *    > 
 *    The words are ['one', 'two', 'three'].
 *    Done.
 *
 * Jim Mahoney | Feb 2013 | MIT License
 */

#include <stdio.h>         /* printf, fgets */
#include <string.h>        /* strlen */
#include <stdlib.h>        /* EXIT_FAILURE */
 
#define MAX_WORD_SIZE 20
#define MAX_WORDS 10
#define MAX_INPUT 100

void read_word(char* string){
  char* status = fgets(string, MAX_WORD_SIZE, stdin);
  int length;
  if (status == NULL){
    printf("READ ERROR - fgets returned NULL\n");
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
  }
  length = strlen(string);
  if (string[length - 1] == '\n'){        // remove trailing newline
    string[length - 1] = (char) 0;
  }
}

int main(){
  char matrix[MAX_WORDS][MAX_WORD_SIZE];  // character matrix
  char* word;                             // pointer to current word
  int n, i;

  // debugging & analyzing ; change to (1) to see output.
  if (0){                                            
    printf("--- looking at addresses ---\n");
    printf(" char matrix[%d][%d]; \n", MAX_WORDS, MAX_WORD_SIZE);
    printf("\n");
    printf(" matrix = %p\n", matrix);                // pointer to matrix
    printf("\n");
    printf(" matrix[0] = %p\n", matrix[0]);          // pointer to row 0
    printf(" matrix[1] = %p\n", matrix[1]);          // pointer to row 1
    printf("\n");
    printf(" &matrix[0][0] = %p \n", &matrix[0][0]); // address of row 0, col 0
    printf(" &matrix[0][1] = %p \n", &matrix[0][1]); // address of row 0, col 1
    printf(" &matrix[1][0] = %p \n", &matrix[1][0]); // address of row 1, col 0
    printf("-----------------------------\n");
  }

  printf("Input your words, one per line, with a blank line to stop.\n");
  n = 0;                       // current word (i.e. row) index
  while (n < MAX_WORDS){
    printf("> ");
    read_word(matrix[n]);
    if (strlen(matrix[n]) == 0) break;      // blank line to stop reading
    n++;
  }
  
  printf("The words are [");
  for (i=0; i < n; i++){
    printf("'%s'", matrix[i]);
    if (i != n - 1) printf(", ");
  }
  printf("].\nDone.\n");

  return 0;
}