Tue Oct 1

Questions on anything?

We'll spend the first part of class going over the homework due today : practice with strings, lists, and files. I've posted my example code answers and will go over them in class.

Upcoming schedule: no class Thursday ... so the next homework, on functions, will be due Thursday next week rather than Tuesday.

aside: a code smell I'm seeing this week

point1 = Point(10, 10, 5)  # SMELLY : sequential numbered variable names
point2 = Point(20, 20, 5)  #
point3 = Point(30, 30, 5)  #
point4 = Point(40, 40, 5)  #
point1.draw(window)

Instead use a list. Access one of 'em with an index, or loop over all of 'em.

points = [Point(10, 10, 5),  # BETTER : define them in a list, or one at a time with .append().
          Point(20, 20, 5),
          # and so on
         ]
points[0].setFill('red')   # change one of them
for p in points:           # loop over all of them
    p.draw(window)

chap 5 - functions

This is IMHO some of the most important material of the term.

And I want to add a bit more stuff : doc strings & doc tests.

Topics to discuss :

• what are functions
  • sub programs
  • with inputs (arguments) and outputs (return value)
  • "def" ....
• why use them
  • split large tasks into smaller ones
  • smaller tasks are easier to understand, document, and test
  • avoid code repetition
• scope of variable definitions
  • which variable names are defined in which context
  • ... and which ones can be changed in which ways
• input parameters (and similarities / differences with "input()")
• return value (and similarities / differences with "print()")
• doc strings (not done in book)
• doc tests (not done in book) - here's an example
• optional arguments & default values (not done in book)

We'll look at lots of examples in class ... and with the online "visualize python" tool.

# An optional argument with a default value. 
def scale(x, multiplier=2):
    """ Return x * multiplier """   #  <= doc string
    return multiplier * x
print("twice 10 is {}".format( scale(10) ))
print("triple 10 is {}".format( scale(10, 3) ))

# Is x modified ?
def double(y):
    y = 2*y
    return y
x = 10
double_x = double(x)
print("x is ", x)
print("double_x is ", double_x)

# Is numbers modified ?
def double_all(them):
  for i in range(len(them)):
      them[i] = 2 * them[i]
  return them
numbers = [10, 11, 12]
double_numbers = double_all(numbers)
print("numbers is ", numbers)
print("double_numbers is ", double_numbers)

Hmmm. Run these in pythontutor.com to see exactly what's going on ...

In class I showed the attached example.py doctest thingy ...

attachments

		last modified	size
	example.py	Fri Oct 31 2025 11:32 am	443B